This module introduces the learner to the operation of the basic oxygen steelmaking furnace for the transformation of molten iron to steel.
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Heavy cranes, long conveyor belts, and railroad tracks assure prompt supply of raw material to the converters and fast removal of liquid steel and Making a heat begins with an inspection of the refractory lining, with the converter in a turned-down position.
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The primary raw materials for the BOP are 70-80% liquid hot metal from the blast furnace and the steel scrap need to be balanced.
Test results are automatically fed into a control computer, which predicts the end point and shuts off the oxygen when temperature and chemical composition have reached the specified level.Well-controlled charging conditions make it possible to tap the heat based only on the sublance test.
Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article.More than half the world’s steel is produced in the When oxygen contacts blast-furnace iron, a great amount of heat is released by the ensuing exothermic reactions, especially the oxidation of The basic oxygen converter is a cylindrical vessel with an open cone on top.
Special lance cranes (see BOFs are equipped with huge off-gas systems in order to avoid gas leakage into the shop and to ensure proper cleaning of the gases before they are discharged into the atmosphere. Repair and maintenance are extremely important, because steel is made around the There are a number of significant improvements, modifications, and process changes of the BOF steelmaking system. At this point oxygen reacts mainly with carbon to generate large amounts of carbon monoxide gas, which mixes with the slag.
Proper water cooling of these lances is crucial.
…steel is produced in the basic oxygen process (BOP), which uses pure oxygen to convert a charge of liquid blast-furnace iron and scrap into steel.
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Total lining thickness of large converters exceeds one metre. In this process, oxygen or air is added to the impure liquid metal; the impurities oxidize before the metal and are removed as an oxide slag or a volatile oxide gas.…
steeluniversity Simulator Tutorial - Basic Oxygen Steelmaking
Basic oxygen steelmaking. The basic oxygen furnace (BOF) is a refractory-lined, tiltable converter into which a vertically movable, water-cooled lance is inserted to blow oxygen through nozzles at…
More than half the world’s steel is produced in the basic oxygen process (BOP), which uses pure oxygen to convert a charge of liquid blast-furnace iron and scrap into steel.
However, less oxidation also means the release of less exothermic heat; this decreases the quantity of scrap that can be charged, which can be a cost disadvantage when the price of scrap is low.
…in turn replaced by the basic oxygen process, which is actually an extension and refinement of the Bessemer process.…
The lining, normally made of magnesite bricks, has different thickness and brick quality in certain zones, depending on the wear at each location. The oxygen initiates a series of intensively exothermic (heat-releasing) reactions, including the oxidation of such impurities as carbon, silicon, phosphorus, and
At high temperatures, oxygen is blown through the metal, which reduces the carbon content to …
Primary steelmaking has two methods: BOS (Basic Oxygen Furnace) and the more modern EAF (Electric Arc Furnace) methods.
Your preference has been recorded Their tips have three to five nozzles, directed slightly outward, which produce the supersonic jets of oxygen. Merge 'Basic oxygen steelmaking' and 'Basic oxygen furnace.
Sometimes a laser Owing to predictable losses during the oxygen blow, there is always more iron and scrap charged than steel produced; for example, 1,080 kilograms of raw material may yield 1,000 kilograms of liquid steel, for a metallic yield of 92.6 percent.
The shells are built of heavy steel plates and sit in a trunnion ring so that the converter may be rotated for charging, testing, tapping, and slag-off.
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For example, when high-phosphorus The service life of the bottom of the Q-BOP converter is lower than that of the side wall, thus demanding additional maintenance time for bottom changing.
The taphole is in the upper zone of the converter, right under the cone.Oxygen lances are large, multiwall tubes that, on large converters, are about 300 millimetres in diameter and 21 metres long. On the other hand, bottom blowing has the advantage of generating a large contact surface among all reactants, thus improving metallurgical reactions and process control.
The Basic Oxygen Steelmaking process differs from the EAF is that BOF is self-sufficient in energy. I've just noticed that there are two separate pages on the basic oxygen furnace and process, that largely repeat the same information.
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